JSS3 Basic Technology Lesson Note on Soldering and Brazing and Machine Motion

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WEEK EIGHT (8):         TOPICS

• SOLDERING AND BRAZING
• MACHINE MOTIONS
• MACHINE MOTIONS

SUB-TOPIC ONE: SOLDERING AND BRAZING:

(a) Meaning of soldering and brazing

(b) Soldering and Brazing tools and materials

(c) Operations types and uses.

DEFINITION OF SOLDERING:

Soldering is a method of joining metals by melting and flowing as a soft or hard solder (both being referred to as filler material/metal). Soldering can also be defined as the process of joining two or more metals together by the use of heat. There are two types of soldering

1. HARD SOLDERING: It is a form of soldering which requires a high temperature. Hard soldering may involve brazing and silver soldering. It is used for hard/tough materials and where great strength is needed. This method is used in joining pipes in refrigeration, jewellery making and for joining metals such as copper, silver and gold.
2. SOFT SOLDERING: It is a form of soldering which requires a low temperature. It uses soft solder, an alloy of lead, tin, antimony and bismuth. It is used for light material that does not need excess heat and also where great strength is not necessary. This may include plumbing work, electrical wiring and electronic.

FLUX- Flux is needed in both hard and soft soldering. The reasons for this include:

• To keep metal clean when heating
• To break down surface tension of the solder and allow easy flow of flux.

Tools required for soldering

• The solder (hard and soft)
• The soldering iron or bit. These are of two types:
  • Straight bit
  • Hatchet bit
• Source of heat/ Gas heater
• The flux material

BRAZING- It is a process of joining two or more metals together using a solder called spelter. An alloy of copper, zinc strip and wire where strengthened and high level of heat is required. The following are required for the brazing process:

• Heat source (oxy-acetylene)

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