JSS3 Basic Science Lesson Note on Deforestation

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DEFORESTATION

MEANING OF DEFORESTATION

Deforestation in Costa Rica

Deforestation is the removal of a forest or stand of trees where the land is thereafter converted to a non-forest use.

It can also be defined as the continuous removal of forest trees by indiscriminate felling or by bush burning without replacing them. Examples of deforestation include conversion of forestland to farms, ranches or urban use.

REASONS FOR DEFORESTATION

1. Trees are cut down to be used or sold as fuel (firewood) sometimes in the form of charcoal or timber
2. Farming : Cleared land is used as pasture for livestock and planting of crops
3. War: Deforestation has also been used in war to deprive an enemy of cover for its forces and also vital resources
4. Unfavourable climatic factors
5. Building of houses
6. Natural disaster
7. Industrialization
8. Government policies

Deforestation and Erosion

The lush vegetation bordering lakes and streams provides a shade cover that keeps water temperatures cool. When the plants and trees are removed, sunlight shines directly on the water, raising the temperature as much as 10° C (18° F). The ensuing erosion compounds the thermal pollution because silty muddy waters absorb more energy from the sun than clear water does.

EFFECTS OF DEFORESTATION

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