JSS2 Third Term Mathematics Lesson Note – Bearing and Distances

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WEEK 3

TOPIC: BEARING AND DISTANCES.

1. The compass directions (major and minor)
2. Types of bearing (Compass, acute-angle, three figure)
3. Converting acute-angle bearing to three figures bearing and vice versa
4. Reciprocal/ Back bearing
5. Scale drawing to find bearing and distances

THE COMPASS DIRECTIONS

Major Compass/Cardinal Directions

There are four major directions used to describe locations. These cardinal directions are:

North (N); South(S), East (E) West (W).

The four main directions, North, South, East and West, divide the angle at a point (360°), into four equal parts and each is 90° or a right angle.

Minor Cardinal Directions

Other minor cardinal directions are those that lie in the midpoints as follows:

North and East called North-East (NE)

South and East called South-East (SE)

South and West called South-West (SW)

North and West called North-West (NW).

These minor cardinal directions subdivide each right angle into two equal parts such that the angle between each major cardinal and minor direction is 45°. The eight cardinal points are illustrated below:

BEARINGS AND ITS TYPES

In simple terms, bearing is the direction of one point with respect to a given point.

If a line which points due North of a compass is fixed, the direction of any other line on the surface of the earth is given as the angle which it makes with the North-pointing line, this angle is called bearing. In particular, we must note that the bearing is measured from the line due North in a clockwise direction

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