JSS2 Third Term Home Economics Lesson Note – Food Preservation Methods

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WEEK 5

TOPIC: Food purchasing, processing, preservation and safety

SUB-TOPIC 1:  Preservation methods

There are different methods of food preservation. The commonly used one in Nigeria are:

1. Drying: This is one of the oldest methods of food preservation. It is the process of reducing the moisture (water) content in the food to create unfavorable condition for the growth of bacteria. Drying also reduces the size and weight of the food making it more portable. Ways of drying include:
2. Sun drying
3. Oven drying
4. Drying with dehydration

Examples of food preserved by drying include meat, fruits, vegetables, cereals, cassava, etc.

2. Smoking: This is the process of preserving food by exposing the food to smoke from wood. Such foods as fish, meat and some root crops are preserved by smoking. Some cases, the smoked food are later subjected to solar or sun drying.
3. Freezing and refrigeration: freezing foods lowers the temperature and prevents the growth of microorganism. Freezing is a method in which food is kept in freezer so that it becomes frozen very quickly. Examples of food preserved by freezing include; meat, fish, chicken, beef, vegetable, fruits, some cooked foods like soup, stews, etc.
4. Canning: This is done by sealing food in an air tight container and applying heat. It is commonly used for fruits and many vegetables.

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