JSS2 Second Term Mathematics Lesson Note – Graph

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WEEK 5

TOPIC: GRAPH

Content:

• Cartesian plane (constructing Cartesian plane; coordinate/ordered pair; choosing scales; plotting points on a Cartesian plane).
• Graphs of linear equations.
• Plotting graphs from table of values.

GRAPH

Graph is a picture of numerical data. A familiar example is the representation of numbers on the number line. The positions of the number on the line are called points.

CARTESIAN PLANE

This is plane surface with axes drawn on it. The Cartesian is derived from a French philosopher and mathematician who work out the possibility of presenting geometry in a numerical form. His full name is Rene Descartes, hence the name Cartesian.

We describe a point on a Cartesian plane by two numbers say ( ) called coordinates.  is the distance of the point from vertical line called -axis and  is the distance of the point from horizontal line called -axis. The figure illustrates more.

The position of each point is given by an ordered pair of number. These are called co-ordinates of the point.  The first number is called the – coordinate and second number is called -coordinate. The coordinates are separated by a comma.

A(3,2)        B(-2,1)       C(-3,-2)        D(3,-2)

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