JSS2 Second Term Mathematics Lesson Note – Algebraic Expressions

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WEEK 1

TOPIC: Algebraic Expressions

CONTENT:

• Expansion and simplification of algebraic expressions (removing brackets)
• Substitution
• LCM and HCF of algebraic terms
• Factorization of algebraic expressions

EXPANSION AND SIMPLIFICATION OF ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS

Let us evaluate the expression below:

4 x (5 + 3) or 4(5+3)

We have,

4 x (5 + 3) = 4 X 8 = 32.

Similarly,

4 x (5 +3) = 4 x 5 + 4 x 3 = 20 + 12 = 32.

Using letters (alphabets) in place of numbers,

a(b + c) or a x (b + c) = ab + ac

(b + c)a  = ba + ca.

You observed that the term outside the bracket is use to multiple all the terms inside the bracket.

Examples:

Expand the following algebraic expression

1. 4(2a+2b)   3(2n + 3m – 4y)

Solutions:

1. 4x2a + 4x2b = 8a + 8b
2. 3x2n + 3x3m -3x4y = 6n + 9m – 12y.

Now consider the expression of the form,

(a + b)(c + d).

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