JSS2 First Term Basic Science Lesson Note – Types of Changes in Non-Living Things (Physical and Chemical Changes)

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 WEEK SIX

Topic:  Changes in non-living things

CONTENTS:

• Types of changes in non-living things (Physical and chemical changes
• Characteristics of physical and chemical changes.

  Types of changes in nonliving things

Non-living matter undergo changes i.e they can be made to change from one state to another. They can be made to form new substances.

1. Physical changes
2. Chemical changes

Physical changes: These are changes in which no new substances are formed. A physical change is a temporary change, it is reversible. The composition of the new substance does not change when undergoing a physical change. Examples are:

1. Melting of candle wax.
2. Dissolution of salt in water to form a salt solution.

Salt  + water  → salt solution

3 All changes in state of matter are physical changes. Such as,

1. vapourization of liquid to gases
2. Melting of solids to liquids e.g ice to water

iii. Liquefaction of gases to liquids e.g cooking gas is liquefied under pressure.

1. Sublimation of solids to vapours
2. All processes of separation of mixture are physical changes e.g distillation
3. Magnetization and demagnetization of iron.

 Chemical changes:

These are changes in which new substances are formed. it is not easily reversible. The composition of a substance changes during the process of chemical change. Examples of chemical changes are:

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