JSS2 Civic Education Lesson Note on Democracy

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Topic: DEMOCRACY:

Content:

(a) Meaning of Democracy

(b) Features of Democracy

• Meaning of Democracy

Democracy can be defined as a system of government in which the supreme power is vested in the hands of the people and it is exercised directly or indirectly.

Democracy can also be defined as government in the hand of the majority. In 1863, Abraham Lincoln who was the American president defined democracy as “the government of the people by the people and for the people”.

Democracy started in Greece where qualified adult gathered together to discuss issues affecting their communities.  Later, democracy was developed or built upon by the Americans.

• Features of Democracy

1. There must be supremacy of the constitution to guide peoples’ conducts and government actions
2. There must be periodic elections through which citizens elect their leaders
3. There must be adoption of universal suffragee All qualified adults have right to vote and be voted for
4. There should be free and fair election
5. There should be freedom of the press
6. There is separation of powers,e the functions of the three arms of government is not performed by one arm of government
7. The government must respect the rule of law and the fundamental human rights of citizens.

Evaluation

1. Define democracy
2. Enumerate three features of democracy

 INDEPENDENT ELECTORAL COMMISSION (INEC)

INEC is the institution charged with the responsibility of organizing, conducting and supervising elections in Nigeria.

Functions of INEC

1. To conduct a free and fair election
2. To register all eligible voters and political parties.
3. To organize campaigns for the contesting political parties
4. To provide all electoral materials
5. To educate the electorates
6. To divide the country into electoral districts known as constituencies
7. To provide security on the day of election
8. To announce the result of elections etc

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