JSS1 Third Term Basic Science Lesson Note – Meaning and Types of Force

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SUBJECT – BASIC SCIENCE

CLASS: JS1 (BASIC 7):

WEEK 1:

Revision of second term work

WEEK 2:

TOPIC: FORCE

SUB-TOPIC: MEANING AND TYPES OF FORCE:

Definition of Force

Force is any action that moves an object or alters its uniform motion in a given direction. Force is the product of mass of the objects and its acceleration. The greater the mass of the object, the greater the force required to move it. Examples of force are pull, push, tension forces and frictional force between surfaces. Force is measured in Newton.

Mathematical Expression of force

F ά mass x acceleration

F= ma, where m= mass and a= acceleration due to gravity

TYPES OF FORCES

There are two types of force. These are

1. Contact force
2. Non-contact force/force field

CONTACT FORCE: These are force whose sources are in contact with the body to which they are applied. This occurs between two bodies making contact with each other. The contact can be Direct or Indirect. Examples of direct contact force are push and friction while indirect contact forces are pull and tension.  E.g., pushing a car, pulling a table etc.

NON-CONTACT FORCE/FORCE FIELDS: Force field is a force whose source does not require contact with the object to which it is applied. It occurs between two bodies or objects that are separated by Space. Examples are Magnetic force, Gravitational force and Electric force.

Magnetic Field

A magnetic field gives a magnet its pulling power, called magnetism. This picture shows fragments of metal sticking to the ends of a magnet. The magnetic field of this magnet is strongest at its ends.

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