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WEEK 3
BASIC OPERATIONS ON WHOLE NUMBERS
CONTENTS:
Multiplication of whole numbers
The numbers used in multiplication have special names as illustrated below:
141(factor) x 17 (factor) = 2397 (product)
The product is a multiple of each of the factors, i.e.
2397 is a multiple of 141
2397 is a multiple of 17
Multiplication is a short way of writing repeated additions. For example,
3 x 4 = 3 lots of 4
= 4 + 4 + 4
= 12
With directed numbers,
(+4) + (+4) + (+4) = 3 lots of (+4)
= 3 X (+4)
The multiplier is 3. It is positive. Thus,
(+3) X (+4) = (+4) + (+4) + (+4) = +12
= 5 lots of (-2)
= 5 X (-2)
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