JSS1 First Term Basic Science Lesson Note – Family Health 2

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WEEK THREE

TOPIC: FAMILY HEALTH 2

SUB-TOPIC: REFUSE AND SEWAGE

CONTENTS: Meaning of Refuse and Sewage

Refuse is a solid waste whether dry or wet which could cause land pollution e.g. nylon, paper, plastic, broken bottles, scraps, etc. Refuse wastes materials could be divided into 2 namely: biodegradable and non-biodegradable.

Biodegradable are materials that can decompose or decay e.g. banana peels, dead leaves, dead animals etc.

Non-biodegradable are materials that cannot be decomposed or decay e.g. metals, plastics, broken bottles etc.

Sewage is a liquid waste from the environments e.g. faeces, urine, wasted water from kitchens, bathrooms etc.

Methods of disposal:

Refuse disposal methods

1. Burning of the refuse.
2. Burying to facilitate decomposition or decay.
3. Recycling of refuse (It is a process whereby refuse is sorted out and converted to the original materials and use again.)
4. Proper use of waste bins
5. Use of incinerator ( a container where solid wastes are burnt)

Sewage disposal methods

• Pit latrine: A deep pit dug in the ground use as a means of disposing faeces.
• Bucket latrine: This is the use of mobile container for faeces and urine e.g. potty
• Water closet system (WC): The water closet is connected to a septic tank that receives the sewage once it is flushed.

Cleaning tools and agents

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