JSS1 Cultural and Creative Art (CCA) Lesson Note on Elements of Music

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TOPIC:  ELEMENTS OF MUSIC

 Content

• Element of music.
• Notes on keyboard.

Sub -Topic 1:  Elements of Music

The following are elements of music.

Pitch, melody, harmony, rhythm, texture, timbre, form or structure

1. Pitch: This refers to the height or depth of sound.
2. Rhythm: This refers to the movement, life or time pattern of a piece of music.
3. Melody: This means the main tune of a piece of music.
4. Harmony: This means combination of musical notes to form chords. It is the clothing of melody.
5. Texture: The number of parts in a musical piece and their relation to one another.
6. Timbre: This is the difference in sound production of one musical instrument and the other.
7. Form or structure: This is the shape or order of music.

Evaluation

1. List three elements of music you have been taught.
2. What is pitch.

 Sub-Topic 2: Notes on keyboard.

The keyboard of a piano or organ is the whole row of black and white keys on which the fingers are placed in playing.

The white keys are named after the first seven letters of the musical alphabet (ABCDEFG). When we play from left to right on the keyboard, we are GOING UP in pitch. As we play from right to left the notes become lower. The white key on the left of two black keys is C. Between the two black keys is D. To the right of two black keys is E. The white key on the left of the three black keys is F. G and A are inside, and B is on the right of the three black keys.

Notes on octave apart from each other have the same letter names e.g. A A, C C, G G, etc. A standard piano keyboard has 7 ¼ octaves.

SEMITONE

This is the distance between any note and the very next note up or down from it. E.g. B to C, E to F, and G to (black note on the right of G) is a semitone.

A TONE

This is the distance of two SEMITONES up or down from any given note. E.g C to D , D to E, etc.

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