The website has the complete lesson note for all the subjects in secondary school but this piece showcases the JSS1 Computer Studies Lesson Note on Generation of Computers. You can use the website search button to filter out the subject of interest to you.
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TOPIC: HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTERS
CONTENT:
Generation of Computers: First, second, third, fourth and fifth generations.
GENERATIONS OF COMPUTERS:
Generation of computers is the developmental stages that the computer has gone through. There are 5 generations of computers and their accompanying innovations.
1ST GENERATION
1940 – 1956: First Generation – Vacuum Tubes
First generation computers were those manufactured between 1940s and 1950s. The computers used the stored program concept. First generation computers were associated with the vacuum tubes or valves technology as circuitry and magnetic drums for memory.
CHARACTERISTICS:
PROBLEMS OF FIRST GENERATION COMPUTERS
EDSAC
2ND GENERATION TRANSISTOR
1956 – 1963: Second Generation – Transistor
The replacement of vacuum tubes by transistors saw the advent of the second generation of computing. They were a big improvement over the vacuum tube, despite still subjecting computers to damaging levels of heat. However they were hugely superior to the vacuum tubes, making computers smaller, faster, cheaper and less heavy on electricity use. They still relied on punched card for input/printouts.
The language evolved from cryptic binary language to symbolic (assembly) languages. This means, programmers could create instructions in words. About the same time high level programming languages were being developed (early versions of COBOL and FORTRAN). Transistor-driven machines were the first computers to store instructions into their memories – moving from magnetic drum to magnetic core-technology. The early versions of these machines were developed for the atomic energy industry. Examples of second generation computers are NCR, 315, International Business Machine (IBM), 7030.
CHARACTERISTICS:
3RD GENERATION INTEGRATED CIRCUIT (IC)
1964 – 1971:
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