JSS1 Basic Science Lesson Note on Refuse and Sewage

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TOPIC: FAMILY HEALTH 2

SUB-TOPIC: REFUSE AND SEWAGE

CONTENTS: Meaning of Refuse and Sewage

Refuse is solid waste whether dry or wet which could cause land pollution e.g. nylon, paper, plastic, broken bottles, scraps, etc. Refuse wastes materials could be divided into 2 namely: biodegradable and non-biodegradable.

Biodegradable are materials that can decompose or decay e.g. banana peels, dead leaves, dead animals etc.

Non-biodegradable are materials that cannot be decomposed or decayed e.g. metals, plastics, broken bottles etc.

Sewage is liquid wastes from the environment e.g. faeces, urine, wasted water from kitchens, bathrooms etc.

Methods of disposal:

Refuse disposal methods

1. Burning of the refuse.
2. Burying to facilitate decomposition or decay.
3. Recycling of refuse (It is a process whereby refuse is sorted out and converted to the original materials and use again.)
4. Proper use of waste bins
5. Use of incinerator ( a container where solid wastes are burnt)

Sewage disposal methods

• Pit latrine: A deep pit dug in the ground use as a means of disposing faeces.
• Bucket latrine: This is the use of mobile container for faeces and urine e.g. potty
• Water closet system (WC): The water closet is connected to a septic tank that receives the sewage once it is flushed.

Cleaning tools and agents

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