JSS 2 Second Term Agricultural Science Lesson Note – Animal Feeds and Feeding

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TOPIC:  Animal feeds and feeding

CONTENT:

(1) Meaning of feeds

(2) Types of feeds

(3) Feeding tools

Sub-topic 1: Meaning of Feeds

Feeds are the food given to animals for growth and reproduction. Animals need feed on daily basis for them to grow and reproduce. The feed given to poultry birds are called mash. Thus, there is growers mash for young fowls, finisher mash for adult fowls while layers mash is for fowls that lay eggs.

Sub-topic 2:    Type of Feeds or Feed-stuff

Feeds or feed stuff can generally be classified into the following:

1. Energy- yielding Feeds

These are feeds that are rich in energy and are highly digestible by farm animals. They have low crude fibre content. Examples of the energy-yielding feed stuff are:

• The cereal grains: eg rice, maize, millet, wheat, guinea corn, barley, etc.
• Roots and tubers: eg cassava, yam, cocoyam, sweet potato, etc.
• Agro-industrial by-products: eg rice offal, brewers dried grain, wheat bran, maize bran, cassava peels, yam peels, etc.
• Fats and oils: eg palm oil, groundnut oil, cotton seed oil,

2. Protein-yielding Feeds

These are feeds that are made up of amino acids. Amino acids are the building blocks of protein. They are usually high in protein and are required by all farm animals for body building. Protein-yielding feeds can be from plants or animal origin.

Examples of plant protein sources are: soyabean cake, groundnut cake, cottonseed cake, beniseed meal, cashew nut meal, palm kernel cake, etc.

Examples of protein feedstuff of animal origin include fish meal, meat meal, blood meal, oyster shell, limestone, common salt, egg shell, lime, etc.

3. Mineral-yielding Feeds

These are feeds that are required for the general maintenance and development of ….

EVALUATION

1. Define feeds.
2. Give four types of feeds with three examples for each mentioned.

 

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