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JSS 1 Third Term Agricultural Science Lesson Note – Description of the Damage Done by Pests and Effects of Crop Pests on Yield

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CONTENT

  1. Description of the damage done by pests
  2. Effects of crop pests on yield

Sub-Topic1: Description of the damage done by pests

Crop pests do a lot of damage to crops either on the farm or in the store. The damages done by pests include:

  • Some insect pests are carriers of diseases which they transmit to healthy plants.

Examples of diseases transmitted by insect are: ground nut rosette, cassava mosaic, swollen shoot of cocoa, etc.

  • Mammals (rodents) e.g rats, grass-cutter eat up the tubers of yam, cassava and potato.
  • The birds destroy rice, sorghum, beans, maize and fruits at various stages of their growth on the farm.

TABLE SHOWING THE DESCRIPTION OF DAMAGES DONE BY CROP PESTS.

S/N Crop Pest Crop(S) Damaged Nature of Damage Caused /Effects on Crops
1. Grasshoppers/locust Cassava, yam, cowpea ·  They eat vegetative parts of plants such as leaves, stems, fruits and flowers

·  They reduce the rate of photosynthesis

·  They reduce growth and yield.

 

1.    Aphids Cowpea, soya beans, cocoa, kola, rubber, groundnut, lettuce, etc. ·  They pierce plant part and suck sap and juice.

·  They transmit virus diseases.

·  They produce honey dew which spreads on the leaf and as such disturbs photosynthetic ability.

 

Sub-Topic:  2. Effects of crop pests on yield.

  1. Heavy attack by pests may result in total crop failure.
  2. Infected seeds, crops, and vegetables have low market value.
  • Pests reduce the quality of crops

 

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