Physics JAMB

If 1.2 x 10^6J of heat energy is given off in 1 sec from a vessel maintained at a temperature gradient of 30Km−¹; the surface area of the vessel is?

A. 1.0 x 102m2
B. 9. 0 x 102m2
C. 1.0 x 103m2
D. 9.0 x 104m2

Correct Answer:

Option A – 1.0 x 102m2

Explanation

Generally in thermal/heat conduction, if 1.2 x 106 J is the heat flow per seconds; 30KM-1 is the temperature gradient of the materials; and 400Wm-1K-1 the thermal conductivity of the material, then we have that:
heat flow per seconds per unit area = thermal conductivity x temp. gradient
i.e = 1.2 x 106Area
= 400 x 30
=> 400 x 30 x Area = 1.2 x 106
∴ Area = 1.2 x 106400 x 30
Area = 100m2 or 1.0 x 102m2

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