SS2 Second Term Physics Lesson Note – Mechanical Energy

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WEEK 3

TOPIC:  MECHANICAL ENERGY

CONTENT:   

• Principle of linear momentum,
• Types of collision- elastic and inelastic
• Simple machine –i. definition, ii. M.A, V.R, Efficiency.

Sub –topic 1.  Principle of conservation of linear momentum

Principle of conservation of linear momentum: In a closed system of colliding bodies, the total momentum after the collision is equal to the total momentum before the collision provided there is no net external force acting on the system.

Case 1: Consider two bodies A and B of masses m₁ and m₂ moving in the same direction with velocities u₁ and u₂ respectively. After collision their velocities were V₁ and V₂ as shown below.

Applying the principle of conservation of linear momentum,

M₁U₁ + M₂U₂ = M₁V₁ + M₂V₂

Case 2: Consider two bodies A and B of masses m₁ and m₂ moving towards each other with velocities u₁ and u₂ respectively. After collision there velocities were V₁ and V_{2 .}

Assuming m₁u₁> m₂u₂,

Applying the principle of conservation of linear momentum,

M₁U₁ – M₂U₂ = M₁V₁ + M₂V₂

Case 3: Consider two bodies A and B of masses m₁ and m₂  moving in the same direction with velocities u₁ and u₂ respectively. If after collision they coalesce and move together with common velocity V.

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